Iraq is a Middle Eastern Arab country and is considered as the eastern gate of the Arab nation . This strategic position of Iraq has made it a leading country since olden time . Iraq is not a very big country in size, its area is 434,924 sqkm ; however , it is a very important country in every other respect .
Historically, Iraq has the oldest and the greatest civilization in the world that goes back to around 6000-7000 B.C. Mesopotamia , is Iraq's name in ancient times , and it has been called the "Cradle of civilzation" because agriculture, animal herding and domestication developed there earlier than anywhere else in the world, almost 8,000 years ago.
Mesopotamia in Greek means 'land between the rivers', and the term came to be applied to the land between the two great rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates .The many rich cultures that flourished in ancient Iraq include Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian and many other cultures, whose influence extended into neighbouring countries, certainly from around 5,000 B.C.
5000 years ago, the first towns , cities and in essence the first administrative urban systems and laws were established. Our ancestors, the Mesopotamians, were the people who invented writing , the letter , formal schooling and the first library in the world .
The Code of Hammurabi was one of several sets of laws that were established in ancient Iraq . The code has been seen as an early example of a fundamental law regulating a government i.e., an early but elaborate form of what is now known as a constitution . The Code consists of 282 laws, with scaled punishments, adjusting "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" . The code is also one of the earliest examples of the idea of presumption of innocence, and it also suggests that both the accused and accuser have the opportunity to provide evidence.
The Code of Hammurabi - Babylon
Find out more about the many aspects of Mesopotamia's rich legacy.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/cultures/mesopotamia_gallery.shtml
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